synthesis and processing of sno2, casno3 and ca2sno4 nanopowders by solid-state reaction technique

the nanopowders of sno2, casno3 and ca2sno4 in the size rang of 5-70 nm have been prepared using solid-state reaction technique. the technique is convenient and inexpensive in comparison to the conventional routes of compound prepared and processing where, many steps of mixing and annealing are involved. formation of resultant compounds was explained on the basis of reaction taken place between sncl4. 5h2o, cacl2 and ca(oh2). it was found that tin oxide, calcium stannate and calcium orto stannate have been prepared at calcinations temperature 400 °c/4 h by weight ratio of (sn:ca) 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, respectively. characterization of species was carried out using x-ray diffraction, sem and tga analysis. investigation of samples revealed that, agglomerations of well connected, small grains lumped together with large number of pores have been formed. the xrd pattern analysis has shown that the change in crystalline sizes after calcining at various temperatures. due to change in weight ratio of sn:ca from  2:1 to 1:1, the crystal structure has been changed from tetragonal rutile to perovskite.